How Can I Effectively Model And Simulate The Effects Of Thermal Fade On A Carbon-carbon Brake Disc's Friction Coefficient And Wear Characteristics During Repeated High-speed Braking Events, Taking Into Account The Disc's Micro-structural Changes And The Interaction With The Brake Pad's Kevlar Fibers?
To effectively model and simulate the effects of thermal fade on a carbon-carbon brake disc's friction coefficient and wear characteristics during repeated high-speed braking events, follow this organized approach:
1. Literature Review and Material Understanding
- Objective: Gather existing models and material properties for carbon-carbon composites and Kevlar.
- Actions: Review studies on tribological properties, thermal degradation, and friction models.
2. Thermal Modeling
- Tool: Use Finite Element Analysis (FEA) tools like ANSYS or ABAQUS.
- Parameters: Incorporate thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and density of materials.
- Boundary Conditions: Include heat generation from friction, convection, radiation, and conduction.
3. Mechanical Modeling
- Friction Model: Implement a temperature-dependent Coulomb friction model.
- Wear Model: Apply Archard's wear law, considering temperature and contact pressure variations.
4. Material Degradation
- Micro-structural Changes: Model degradation of carbon-carbon matrix and Kevlar fibers under heat.
- Damage Mechanics: Use a homogenized approach with micro-scale considerations.
5. Coupled Multi-physics Simulation
- Integration: Combine thermal, mechanical, and material degradation models.
- Software: Utilize FEA with custom subroutines for dynamic material properties.
6. Cycle and Transient Analysis
- Cyclic Braking: Simulate multiple braking events to capture cumulative damage.
- Time Step Management: Ensure small time steps for transient heat transfer and stress analysis.
7. Validation
- Experimental Data: Compare simulation results with real-world tests for accuracy.
- Adjustments: Tune models based on validation findings.
8. Considerations and Simplifications
- Surface Topography: Account for changes and wear debris effects.
- Oxidation Effects: Consider environmental factors affecting carbon degradation.
- Computational Efficiency: Use coarser meshes where possible without losing accuracy.
9. Final Simulation
- Execution: Run simulations to observe thermal fade and wear over repeated braking events.
- Analysis: Evaluate friction coefficient changes and wear patterns.
This structured approach ensures a comprehensive analysis, integrating multiple disciplines to accurately model the complex interactions during high-speed braking.