How To Add A Custom Header Value As A JWT Claim In WSO2 API Manager 4.3.0?

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Introduction

WSO2 API Manager is a comprehensive platform for designing, deploying, and managing APIs. One of its key features is the ability to generate JSON Web Tokens (JWT) for authentication and authorization purposes. However, by default, the JWT generated by the WSO2 API Manager gateway only includes a limited set of claims. In this article, we will explore how to add a custom header value as a JWT claim in WSO2 API Manager 4.3.0.

Use Case

Let's consider a scenario where you want to send a custom HTTP header (e.g., X-Custom-Id) in the request to the backend service. You can achieve this by adding a custom claim to the JWT generated by the gateway. This custom claim can then be used by the backend service to authenticate and authorize the request.

Prerequisites

Before we dive into the steps, make sure you have the following prerequisites:

  • WSO2 API Manager 4.3.0 installed and running
  • A basic understanding of WSO2 API Manager and JWT
  • A custom HTTP header (e.g., X-Custom-Id) that you want to send in the request

Step 1: Create a Custom Claim

To add a custom claim to the JWT, you need to create a new claim in the WSO2 API Manager. You can do this by following these steps:

  1. Log in to the WSO2 API Manager management console
  2. Navigate to Claims under the Identity section
  3. Click on Add Claim
  4. Enter the following details:
    • Claim URI: http://wso2.org/claims/customid
    • Display Name: Custom ID
    • Description: Custom ID claim
    • Claim Value Type: String
  5. Click on Add Claim

Step 2: Configure the JWT Generator

Next, you need to configure the JWT generator to include the custom claim in the JWT. You can do this by following these steps:

  1. Log in to the WSO2 API Manager management console
  2. Navigate to APIs under the APIs section
  3. Select the API for which you want to add the custom claim
  4. Click on Edit
  5. Navigate to Security under the API section
  6. Click on JWT Generator
  7. Select the Custom ID claim from the list of available claims
  8. Click on Save

Step 3: Add the Custom Header to the Request

Now that you have added the custom claim to the JWT, you need to add the custom header to the request. You can do this by following these steps:

  1. Log in to the WSO2 API Manager management console
  2. Navigate to APIs under the APIs section
  3. Select the API for which you want to add the custom header
  4. Click on Edit
  5. Navigate to Inbound under the API section
  6. Click on Request
  7. Add a new header with the following details:
    • Header Name: X-Custom-Id
    • Header Value: ${customid}
  8. Click on Save

Step 4: Test the API

Finally, you need to test the API to verify that the custom header is being sent correctly. You can do this by following these steps:

  1. Log in to the WSO2 API Manager management console
  2. Navigate to APIs under the APIs section
  3. Select the API for which you want to test
  4. Click on Test
  5. Verify that the custom header is being sent correctly

Conclusion

In this article, we explored how to add a custom header value as a JWT claim in WSO2 API Manager 4.3.0. We created a custom claim, configured the JWT generator to include the custom claim, added the custom header to the request, and tested the API to verify that the custom header is being sent correctly. By following these steps, you can add custom headers to your API requests and authenticate and authorize them using JWT.

Troubleshooting

If you encounter any issues while following these steps, here are some common troubleshooting tips:

  • Make sure that the custom claim is created correctly and is included in the JWT generator configuration.
  • Verify that the custom header is added correctly to the request.
  • Check the API logs to see if there are any errors related to the custom header.
  • If you are using a custom header with a value that is not a string, make sure to update the claim value type accordingly.

FAQs

Here are some frequently asked questions related to adding custom headers as JWT claims in WSO2 API Manager:

  • Q: How do I add a custom claim to the JWT?
    • A: You can add a custom claim to the JWT by creating a new claim in the WSO2 API Manager management console.
  • Q: How do I configure the JWT generator to include the custom claim?
    • A: You can configure the JWT generator to include the custom claim by selecting the custom claim from the list of available claims in the JWT generator configuration.
  • Q: How do I add the custom header to the request?
    • A: You can add the custom header to the request by adding a new header with the custom header name and value in the API's inbound configuration.

References

Here are some references that you can use to learn more about adding custom headers as JWT claims in WSO2 API Manager:

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Introduction

In our previous article, we explored how to add a custom header value as a JWT claim in WSO2 API Manager 4.3.0. We covered the steps to create a custom claim, configure the JWT generator, add the custom header to the request, and test the API. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions related to adding custom headers as JWT claims in WSO2 API Manager.

Q&A

Q: What is the maximum length of a custom claim URI?

A: The maximum length of a custom claim URI is 256 characters.

Q: Can I add multiple custom claims to the JWT?

A: Yes, you can add multiple custom claims to the JWT by creating multiple claims in the WSO2 API Manager management console and selecting them in the JWT generator configuration.

Q: How do I handle custom claims with non-string values?

A: If you are using a custom claim with a non-string value, make sure to update the claim value type accordingly. For example, if you are using a custom claim with a boolean value, update the claim value type to "Boolean".

Q: Can I use a custom claim as a filter in the API's inbound configuration?

A: Yes, you can use a custom claim as a filter in the API's inbound configuration by adding a new filter with the custom claim name and value.

Q: How do I handle custom claims with null values?

A: If you are using a custom claim with a null value, make sure to handle it accordingly in your API's logic. You can use the null keyword to check if the custom claim value is null.

Q: Can I use a custom claim as a parameter in the API's outbound configuration?

A: Yes, you can use a custom claim as a parameter in the API's outbound configuration by adding a new parameter with the custom claim name and value.

Q: How do I handle custom claims with array values?

A: If you are using a custom claim with an array value, make sure to handle it accordingly in your API's logic. You can use the array keyword to check if the custom claim value is an array.

Q: Can I use a custom claim as a header in the API's response?

A: Yes, you can use a custom claim as a header in the API's response by adding a new header with the custom claim name and value in the API's outbound configuration.

Troubleshooting

If you encounter any issues while adding custom headers as JWT claims in WSO2 API Manager, here are some common troubleshooting tips:

  • Make sure that the custom claim is created correctly and is included in the JWT generator configuration.
  • Verify that the custom header is added correctly to the request.
  • Check the API logs to see if there are any errors related to the custom header.
  • If you are using a custom claim with a non-string value, make sure to update the claim value type accordingly.

Best Practices

Here are some best practices to keep in mind when adding custom headers as JWT claims in WSO2 API Manager:

  • Use a consistent naming convention for custom claims.
  • Use a consistent data type for custom claims.
  • Use a method to store and retrieve custom claim values.
  • Use a secure method to validate custom claim values.
  • Use a secure method to handle custom claim values with null or array values.

Conclusion

In this article, we answered some frequently asked questions related to adding custom headers as JWT claims in WSO2 API Manager. We covered topics such as custom claim URI length, multiple custom claims, non-string values, custom claims as filters, custom claims as parameters, custom claims as headers, and troubleshooting tips. By following these best practices and troubleshooting tips, you can successfully add custom headers as JWT claims in WSO2 API Manager.

References

Here are some references that you can use to learn more about adding custom headers as JWT claims in WSO2 API Manager: