In The US, What Prevents Me From Flying My Drone/rc Plane To Unlimited Altitudes, Or At Least As High As I Can See It, At Certain Sites, Reg-wise?

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Introduction

As a drone or RC plane enthusiast in the US, you may be wondering what prevents you from flying your aircraft to unlimited altitudes or as high as you can see it at certain sites. The answer lies in the complex web of regulations set by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and Congress. In this article, we will delve into the FAA regulations that govern drone and RC plane operations, specifically focusing on the "Recreational Exception" and its impact on airspace restrictions.

The Recreational Exception: A Brief History

The FAA / Congress have recently modified the 49 USC 44809 "Recreational Exception" to Part 107, allowing small Unmanned Aircraft (UAS) to operate under certain conditions. This exception was introduced to provide a more relaxed set of rules for recreational drone pilots, who are not operating for commercial purposes. However, this exception is not a blanket permit to fly drones anywhere, anytime.

Airspace Classifications and Restrictions

The FAA divides the US airspace into several classes, each with its own set of rules and restrictions. The most relevant classes for drone and RC plane operations are:

  • Class E Airspace: This is the most common type of airspace, extending from 14,500 feet MSL (mean sea level) up to 18,000 feet MSL. In Class E airspace, drones and RC planes are subject to specific altitude restrictions, which we will discuss later.
  • Class G Airspace: This type of airspace is found below 14,500 feet MSL and is typically used for recreational flying. However, even in Class G airspace, there may be restrictions on altitude and location.

Altitude Restrictions in Class E Airspace

In Class E airspace, drones and RC planes are restricted from flying above 400 feet AGL (above ground level) unless they are operating under a waiver or exemption. This restriction is in place to prevent collisions with manned aircraft and to ensure safe separation between drones and other air traffic.

Waivers and Exemptions: A Complex Process

If you want to fly your drone or RC plane above 400 feet AGL in Class E airspace, you will need to apply for a waiver or exemption from the FAA. This process can be complex and time-consuming, requiring you to demonstrate that your operation will not pose a risk to other air traffic or the public.

Notam's and TFR's: Additional Restrictions

In addition to the Recreational Exception and altitude restrictions, there are other factors that can impact your ability to fly your drone or RC plane to high altitudes. These include:

  • Notam's (Notices to Airmen): These are notifications issued by the FAA to alert pilots of potential hazards or restrictions in the airspace. Notam's can be issued for a variety of reasons, including weather conditions, air shows, or military operations.
  • TFR's (Temporary Flight Restrictions): These are restrictions placed on airspace due to specific events or activities, such as air shows, parades, or presidential visits.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while the Recreational Exception has relaxed some of the rules for drone and RC plane operations, there are still many restrictions in place to ensure safe and responsible flying. Understanding the FAA regulations and airspace classifications is crucial for avoiding collisions and ensuring compliance with the law. By following the guidelines outlined in this article, you can enjoy flying your drone or RC plane while minimizing the risk of encountering restrictions or hazards.

Additional Resources

For more information on FAA regulations and drone operations, please visit the following resources:

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the maximum altitude I can fly my drone or RC plane in Class E airspace? A: The maximum altitude you can fly in Class E airspace is 400 feet AGL, unless you have a waiver or exemption.

Q: How do I apply for a waiver or exemption from the FAA? A: You can apply for a waiver or exemption through the FAA's website or by contacting your local FAA office.

Q: What is the Recreational Exception, and how does it impact my flying?

A: The Recreational Exception is a provision in the FAA regulations that allows small Unmanned Aircraft (UAS) to operate under certain conditions. This exception is designed for recreational drone pilots who are not operating for commercial purposes. Under the Recreational Exception, you are allowed to fly your drone or RC plane in Class G airspace, but you are still subject to certain restrictions, such as altitude limits and no-fly zones.

Q: What is Class G airspace, and how does it differ from Class E airspace?

A: Class G airspace is a type of airspace that is found below 14,500 feet MSL and is typically used for recreational flying. In Class G airspace, there are fewer restrictions on altitude and location compared to Class E airspace. However, even in Class G airspace, there may be restrictions on flying over populated areas or near airports.

Q: What are the altitude restrictions in Class E airspace?

A: In Class E airspace, drones and RC planes are restricted from flying above 400 feet AGL (above ground level) unless they are operating under a waiver or exemption. This restriction is in place to prevent collisions with manned aircraft and to ensure safe separation between drones and other air traffic.

Q: How do I apply for a waiver or exemption from the FAA?

A: To apply for a waiver or exemption from the FAA, you will need to submit a request through the FAA's website or by contacting your local FAA office. You will need to provide detailed information about your operation, including the type of aircraft you will be flying, the location and altitude of your flight, and any safety measures you will take to prevent collisions with manned aircraft.

Q: What are Notam's and TFR's, and how do they impact my flying?

A: Notam's (Notices to Airmen) and TFR's (Temporary Flight Restrictions) are notifications issued by the FAA to alert pilots of potential hazards or restrictions in the airspace. Notam's can be issued for a variety of reasons, including weather conditions, air shows, or military operations. TFR's are restrictions placed on airspace due to specific events or activities, such as air shows, parades, or presidential visits. These notifications can impact your flying by restricting access to certain areas or requiring you to follow specific procedures.

Q: Can I fly my drone or RC plane over populated areas?

A: No, you are not allowed to fly your drone or RC plane over populated areas, such as cities, towns, or public events. This is because flying over populated areas can pose a risk to people on the ground and can also interfere with manned aircraft operations.

Q: What are the penalties for violating FAA regulations?

A: The penalties for violating FAA regulations can be severe, including fines, imprisonment, and revocation of your pilot's license. The FAA takes drone and RC plane operations very seriously and will take action against anyone who violates the regulations.

Q: How can I stay up-to-date with the FAA regulations and guidelines?

A: You can stay up-to-date with the latest FAA regulations and guidelines by visiting the FAA's website, which provides information on all aspects of drone and RC plane operations. You can also follow the FAA on social media and sign up for their newsletter to receive updates on new regulations and guidelines.

Q: Can I fly my drone or RC plane at night?

A: No, you are not allowed to fly your drone or RC plane at night, unless you have a waiver or exemption from the FAA. Flying at night can pose a risk to people on the ground and can also interfere with manned aircraft operations.

Q: What are the requirements for flying my drone or RC plane in a national park or other protected area?

A: Flying your drone or RC plane in a national park or other protected area requires special permission from the park authorities or the FAA. You will need to demonstrate that your operation will not pose a risk to the environment or to other visitors in the park.

Q: Can I fly my drone or RC plane over water?

A: Yes, you can fly your drone or RC plane over water, but you will need to take special precautions to ensure safe operation. You will need to check the weather conditions and ensure that your aircraft is designed for water operations.

Q: What are the requirements for flying my drone or RC plane in a restricted airspace?

A: Flying your drone or RC plane in a restricted airspace requires special permission from the FAA. You will need to demonstrate that your operation will not pose a risk to the safety of the airspace or to other aircraft operating in the area.

Q: Can I fly my drone or RC plane in a foreign country?

A: Yes, you can fly your drone or RC plane in a foreign country, but you will need to check the local regulations and ensure that your aircraft meets the requirements of the country you are visiting. You may also need to obtain special permission from the local authorities before flying your drone or RC plane.